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From the late 1860s until the 1970s, several American cities had ugly laws making it illegal for persons with "unsightly or disgusting" disabilities to appear in public. Some of these laws were called unsightly beggar ordinances. ==Examples== The first appearance of the ordinance seems to date to 1867 in San Francisco, California.〔Schweik, Susan. The ugly laws (NYU Press 2009)〕 The ordinance seems to have been welcomed particularly from the 1880s in Western and particularly Midwestern cities with strong, networked cultures of reform, towns bound to each other and the rest of the nation by railroad ties. Its zone extended eastward, too. The state of Pennsylvania passed a state version of the law in the early 1890s. Some New Yorkers, inspired by Pennsylvania, made an unsuccessful attempt to get a city ordinance passed in 1895.〔Brown, Patricia Leigh. "Viewing Ahab and Barbie Through the Lens of Disability." ''New York Times'' (August 20, 2000) as quoted by http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-29736932_ITM〕 * California.〔 * Paris, Illinois. The most commonly cited ugly law is that of the "City of Paris Ordinance, 1911" which is often unsourced.〔(Begging the question: disability, mendicancy, speech and the law.(Viewpoint essay), 01-JAN-07, Schweik, Susan, Ohio State University Press )〕 However, the Paris Municipal Code, sec. 36034 did include an ordinance that provided: : No person who is diseased, maimed, mutilated or in any way deformed so as to be an unsightly or disgusting object or improper person to be allowed in or on the public ways or other public places in this city, or shall therein or thereon expose himself to public view, under a penalty of not less than one dollar nor more than fifty dollars for each offense.〔Paris Municipal Code, sec. 36034 (repealed 1974).〕 * Columbus, Ohio. General Offense Code, sec. 2387.04.〔Columbus, Ohio General Offense Code, sec. 2387.04 (1972).〕 * Omaha. Unsightly Beggar Ordinance Nebraska Municipal Code of 1941, sec. 25.〔Unsightly Beggar Ordinance, Omaha, Nebraska Municipal Code of 1941, sec. 25 (1967).〕 Punishments for being caught in public ranged from incarceration to fines of up to $50 for each offense. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ugly law」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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